ICAO Annex 2 consists of general rules, visual flight rules and instrument flight rules. Chapter – 2 takes you through the various rules that are applied without exception over the high seas and national territories to the extent that they do not conflict with the rules of the State being overflown.

Chapter – 3 talks about various conventions such as Paris Convention, Chicago convention and what led to the creation of a specialized agency called as International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). ICAO helps states to work together to achieve uniformity in civil aviation regulations, standards, procedures, and organization.

Visual aids play an important role in assisting the pilots in the safe and efficient movement of aircraft during landing, take-off, and taxiing maneuvers.

As Chapter – 5 unfolds, aspiring pilots get an in-depth knowledge of what hold means in aviation, holding patterns and the type of entries for hold.

This chapter is all about flight operations, aeroplane instruments, equipment and flight documents, aeroplane maintenance, flight crew details, various manuals, logs, and records. Operation of aircraft is mentioned in ICAO Annex 6.

This chapter takes you through the standards & recommended Practices for the display of appropriate aircraft nationality marks, common marks, and registration marks. Aircraft Nationality and registration marking is mentioned in ICAO Annex 7.

According to ICAO Annex -8, the term airworthy means “the status of an aircraft, engine, propeller or part when it conforms to its approved design and is in a condition for safe operation.” Chapter – 8 takes aspiring aviators through airworthiness and other aspects which relate to the legal and physical state of an aircraft.

ICAO Annex – 9 embodies facilitation. Chapter 9 is a detailed chapter on facilitation in aviation. From the time of booking to the destination, facilitation ensures the smooth and efficient transfer of passengers, cargo, baggage, and mail on ground and in the air.

ICAO Annex -10 mentions airborne collision avoidance system (ACAS) and secondary surveillance radar (SSR). Chapter – 10 talks about transponder signals that operate independently of ground-based equipment.

ICAO Annex 11 mentions Air Traffic Services or ATS. In aviation, an air traffic service (ATS) is a service which regulates and assists aircraft in real-time to ensure their safe operations.

ICAO Annex 12 incorporates Search and rescue (SAR) services. All services provided to the survivors of aircraft accidents as well as aircraft in distress (and their occupants) regardless of their nationality have been discussed in detail in Chapter -12.

Chapter – 13 sets out the rules on the notification, investigation and reporting of accidents and incidents. It also mentions the fundamental difference between accident and incident in aviation. ICAO Annex – 19 contains information about aircraft accident and incident investigation.

ICAO Annex 14 sets out the fundamental Standards and Recommended Practices (SARPs) for airport design and operations. Chapter 14 talks about aerodromes and airports in detail.

Chapter – 15 includes the way in which aeronautical information is gathered and managed. The same is mentioned in ICAO Annex 15. The Aeronautical Information Service ensures the flow of information necessary for the safety, regularity, and efficiency of international air navigation.

Flying is fun but first-time landing at night or low visibility conditions may give you jitters. It is thus important to understand the purpose, colour, and configuration of each light at aerodrome. This chapter tells you about the different types of aerodrome lights, colour, and their use.

ICAO Annex 17 contains standards and recommended practices concerned with the security of international air transport. The same is amended regularly to address the evolving threat. Chapter – 17 throws light on the objectives of aviation security listed by ICAO.

Dangerous goods can be carried safely by air transport providing certain principles are adopted as per ICAO Annex – 18. Chapter 18 takes you through the broad standards required to carry dangerous goods by air in accordance with the Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods

Instrument departure procedures are preplanned instrument flight rule (IFR) procedures which provide obstruction clearance from the terminal area to the appropriate en route structure.

The chapter on arrival procedure provides detailed guidelines and regulations to be followed by pilots as they approach and land at an airport.

Chapter – 21 is a dedicated chapter on parallel runways which in simpler words mean two or more runways at the same airport whose centrelines are parallel. One may find parallel runways at New Delhi International airport.

In air traffic control, separation keeps an aircraft outside a minimum distance from another aircraft to reduce the risk of collision and accidents due to wake turbulence. Chapter 22 is a detailed one on separation.

Chapter – 23 is a comprehensive chapter on human factors involving the overall performance of human beings working within the aviation system.